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Sex Chromosomes: X, Y, and Beyond
Understanding the XY Sex-Determination System
In the XY sex-determination system, the female-provided ovum contributes an X chromosome, while the male-provided sperm contributes either an X or a Y chromosome. This system is commonly found in humans and some other mammals.
The XXXY Sex-Determination System
The Most Familiar System
The XXXY sex-determination system is the most familiar to us, as it is found in humans. Females have two X chromosomes (XX), while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY).
Beyond Humans
The XXXY system is also found in most other mammals, including mice, rats, and dogs. However, it is also present in some fish, amphibians, and reptiles.
Sex Chromosomes: Definitions and Functions
Sex chromosomes are a pair of chromosomes that determine the biological sex of an individual. In mammals, the sex chromosomes are called X and Y. Females have two X chromosomes, while males have an X and a Y chromosome.
In humans and other mammals, the presence of a Y chromosome is associated with male characteristics, while the absence of a Y chromosome is associated with female characteristics.
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